Alteration of Activated Phenotypes of the Macrophages Treated with Lipopolysaccharide and Interferon- by Sodium Bicarbonate in the Culture Medium

Macrophage is the immune phagocytic cell, playing variety of immunological and inflammatory reactions. The macrophage activation has been extensively studied in vitro using culture media like Dulbecco's modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) Ham's F-12 (F-12) response to bacterial infection, tumor development, cytokines so on. In study during co-culture with EL-4 cells, we found different phenotypes J774.1 macrophage-like cell line DMEM, when treated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) interferon-g (IFN- g). Among these phenotypes, nitric oxide (NO) production corresponding inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression was remarkable, showing higher than DMEM. Besides, O2-generating activity interleukin-1b (IL-1b) were also although necrosis factor-a (TNF- a) DMEM F-12. RT-PCR analysis revealed significantly mRNA iNOS, IL-1 b, IL-18, IkBa F-12, but that p65 p105 after treatment LPS + IFN-g, suggesting differences being induced at transcriptional levels. Through investigation critical factor(s) influence macrophages, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) concentrations media, 14 mM 44 key. Culture medium-induced observed RAW264.7 mouse peritoneal macrophages. recent studies suggested involvement carrier (SLC) transporter gene subsequent elevation JAK/STAT signaling cascades NaHCO3 responses. Taken together, results provide evidence for importance vitro, implying important insights concentration vivo body patients suffering from inflammation, development or disorders where involved.